Difference between revisions of "Building under Windows"

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== Automation ==
 +
 +
[https://github.com/CyberShadow/Digger Digger] can checkout and build any D version automatically for you. Only a D compiler is required. Digger will download all required dependencies by itself.
 +
 +
<syntaxhighlight lang=bash>
 +
dub fetch digger
 +
dub run digger
 +
</syntaxhighlight>
 +
 +
Among many other features, Digger can build older compiler versions or versions with a specific pull request added:
 +
 +
<syntaxhighlight lang=bash>
 +
# build a specific D version
 +
$ dub run digger -- build v2.064.2
 +
 +
# build for x86-64
 +
$ dub run digger -- build --model=64 v2.064.2
 +
 +
# build commit from a point in time
 +
$ dub run digger -- build "@ 3 weeks ago"
 +
 +
# build specified branch from a point in time
 +
$ dub run digger -- build "2.065 @ 3 weeks ago"
 +
 +
# build with an added pull request
 +
$ dub run digger -- build "master + dmd#123"
 +
</syntaxhighlight>
 +
 +
== Building with Visual Studio ==
 +
 +
=== Prerequisites ===
 +
 +
* [https://visualstudio.microsoft.com/ Visual Studio]
 +
* [https://developer.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/downloads/windows-10-sdk Window SDK]
 +
* [https://dlang.org/download.html DMD Windows Installer]
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* [https://rainers.github.io/visuald/visuald/StartPage.html VisualD]
 +
 +
=== Instructions ===
 +
 +
* Run the DMD Windows Installer and make sure that the binaries get added to the PATH (check "Add to Path")
 +
* Install VisualD  (can be done via the DMD installer with the "Download VisualD" checkbox)
 +
* Make sure that dmd gets installed to {{code|C:\D\dmd2}} (the default)
 +
 +
=== Clone repositories ===
 +
 +
Next step is to clone the 4 necessary source repos, dmd, druntime, phobos, and tools.
 +
 +
<syntaxhighlight lang=bash>
 +
mkdir C:\Source\D
 +
cd C:\Source\D
 +
git clone https://github.com/dlang/dmd
 +
git clone https://github.com/dlang/druntime
 +
git clone https://github.com/dlang/phobos
 +
git clone https://github.com/dlang/tools
 +
</syntaxhighlight>
 +
 +
Make sure to pick a folder without white spaces or special characters to avoid any potential problems.
 +
 +
=== Building DMD ===
 +
 +
You should be able to build DMD using the visual studio solution found in: {{code|dmd\src\vcbuild}}
 +
A typical choice is to build the 64-bit debug version (the VisualD options are named 'Release' and 'x64').
 +
 +
A 'dmd.exe' should have been built and placed in {{code|C:\Source\D\dmd\generated\Windows\Debug\x64}}.
 +
 +
If you want the 32-bit counterparts, you will have to adjust accordingly.
 +
Most notably, using win32.mak Makefiles instead of the win64.mak files.
 +
 +
=== Building DRuntime ===
 +
 +
Make sure that Visual Studio tools are part of your PATH. One common way is to run 'vcvarsall.bat'.
 +
With Visual Studio 2017 this call is:
 +
 +
<syntaxhighlight lang=dos>
 +
call "C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\Enterprise\VC\Auxiliary\Build\vcvarsall.bat" x64
 +
</syntaxhighlight >
 +
 +
Now, go into druntime:
 +
 +
<syntaxhighlight lang=dos>
 +
cd C:\source\D\druntime
 +
</syntaxhighlight>
 +
 +
Then compile with DigitalMars make (not to confuse with GNUMake). DigitalMars is part of the DMD Windows distribution and should be part of your {{code|PATH}}:
 +
 +
<syntaxhighlight lang=dos>
 +
set VCDIR="C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\Enterprise\VC"
 +
make -f win64.mak -j4 "VCDIR=%VCDIR%" target
 +
</syntaxhighlight>
 +
 +
For building on 32-bit with the Visual Studio Runtime, use {{code|MODEL=32mscoff}}.
 +
If you have GNUMake installed on your system too, use the full path to DigitalMars make {{code|C:\D\dmd2\windows\bin\make}}.
 +
 +
=== Building Phobos ===
 +
 +
<syntaxhighlight lang=dos>
 +
cd C:\source\D\phobos
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make -f win64.mak -j4 target
 +
</syntaxhighlight>
 +
 
== Prerequisites ==
 
== Prerequisites ==
  
On Windows, you will need [https://git-scm.com/ Git for Windows], [http://ftp.digitalmars.com/dmc.zip the DigitalMars C++ compiler], and, for 64-bit or 32-bit COFF builds, the [https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=8279 Microsoft Windows SDK].
+
On Windows, you will need [https://git-scm.com/ Git for Windows], [http://dlang.org/download.html#dmd D compiler], [http://ftp.digitalmars.com/dmc.zip the DigitalMars C++ compiler], and, for 64-bit or 32-bit COFF builds, the [https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=8279 Microsoft Windows SDK].
 +
 
 +
Assuming that {{code|make}}, {{code|dmc}} and {{code|dmd}} from digital mars are in your path and your sources are checked out into {{code|C:\D\dmd2\src}} which has the following structure:
 +
<syntaxhighlight lang=dos>
 +
C:\D\dmd2\src\dmd
 +
C:\D\dmd2\src\druntime
 +
C:\D\dmd2\src\phobos
 +
C:\D\dmd2\src\tools
 +
</syntaxhighlight>
 +
 
 +
=== git Configuration ===
 +
 
 +
When cloning from the GitHub repositories you may encounter problems if your git configuration on Windows replaces line endings with the Windows variant (i.e. {{code|\r\n}}) instead of leaving it as {{code|\n}}, which is what D repositories require.
 +
 
 +
To check your settings, run {{code|git config core.autocrlf}}.  If it prints {{code|true}}, set it to {{code|false}} with {{code|git config --global core.autocrlf false}}.
  
 
== Building D ==
 
== Building D ==
Line 11: Line 125:
 
</syntaxhighlight>
 
</syntaxhighlight>
  
Assuming your sources are checked out {{code|C:\D}}, and that {{code|make}} from digital mars is in your path, you can do the following to build them:
+
=== Building DMD ===
  
 +
To build DMD compiler you should run the following commands ({{code|win32.mak}} file expects that {{code|HOST_DC}} variable is set to {{code|dmd}}):
 
<syntaxhighlight lang=dos>
 
<syntaxhighlight lang=dos>
 
set DM_HOME=C:\D
 
set DM_HOME=C:\D
 
cd %DM_HOME%\dmd2\src\dmd\src
 
cd %DM_HOME%\dmd2\src\dmd\src
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set HOST_DC=dmd
 
make -fwin32.mak release
 
make -fwin32.mak release
 
</syntaxhighlight>
 
</syntaxhighlight>
Line 21: Line 137:
 
From there, it is suggested to move the built binaries into your {{code|%DM_HOME%\windows\bin}} directory, and add that to your path:
 
From there, it is suggested to move the built binaries into your {{code|%DM_HOME%\windows\bin}} directory, and add that to your path:
 
<syntaxhighlight lang=dos>
 
<syntaxhighlight lang=dos>
 +
mkdir %DM_HOME%\dmd2\windows\bin
 
copy *.exe %DM_HOME%\dmd2\windows\bin
 
copy *.exe %DM_HOME%\dmd2\windows\bin
set path=%path%;%DM_HOME%\dmd2\windows\bin
+
set path=%DM_HOME%\dmd2\windows\bin;%path%
 
</syntaxhighlight>
 
</syntaxhighlight>
  
From there, you have to create a {{code|sc.ini}} in your {{code|DMD.exe}} directory. It is suggested to just copy paste the one provided in the packaged {{Latest DMD Version Raw}}, instead of writing your own.
+
From there, you have to create a {{code|sc.ini}} in your {{code|%DM_HOME%\dmd2\windows\bin}} directory (where {{code|dmd.exe}} is). It is suggested to just copy paste the one provided in the packaged {{Latest DMD Version Raw}}, instead of writing your own, like:
 +
<syntaxhighlight lang=dos>
 +
copy "C:\Program Files\D\dmd2\windows\bin\sc.ini" %DM_HOME%\dmd2\windows\bin
 +
</syntaxhighlight>
  
Now build druntime:
+
=== Building D runtime ===
 +
 
 +
Make sure that you are using {{code|dmd}} compiled in previous step because older compiler might not compile the latest druntime code.
 +
 
 +
To build D runtime you should run the following commands:
 
<syntaxhighlight lang=dos>
 
<syntaxhighlight lang=dos>
 
cd %DM_HOME%\dmd2\src\druntime
 
cd %DM_HOME%\dmd2\src\druntime
Line 33: Line 157:
 
</syntaxhighlight>
 
</syntaxhighlight>
  
And phobos:
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=== Building Phobos ===
 +
 
 +
Make sure that you are using {{code|dmd}} compiled in previous step because older compiler might not compile the latest phobos code.
 +
 
 +
To build Phobos you should run the following commands:
 
<syntaxhighlight lang=dos>
 
<syntaxhighlight lang=dos>
 
cd %DM_HOME%\dmd2\src\phobos
 
cd %DM_HOME%\dmd2\src\phobos
Line 39: Line 167:
 
</syntaxhighlight>
 
</syntaxhighlight>
  
You should copy the phobos lib into your {{code|windows\lib}} folder:
+
You should copy phobos lib into your {{code|%DM_HOME%\windows\lib}} folder:
 
<syntaxhighlight lang=dos>
 
<syntaxhighlight lang=dos>
 +
mkdir %DM_HOME%\dmd2\windows\lib
 
copy phobos.lib %DM_HOME%\dmd2\windows\lib
 
copy phobos.lib %DM_HOME%\dmd2\windows\lib
 
</syntaxhighlight>
 
</syntaxhighlight>
  
Optionally, you can build rdmd from source if you have checked out {{code|tools}} in your sources:
+
=== Building rdmd ===
 +
 
 +
Optionally, you can build rdmd from source if you have checked out {{code|tools}} in your sources. Some additional libs might be required for build and can simply be copy pasted from the {{Latest DMD Version Raw}} package without overwriting your {{code|phobos.lib}}.
 +
 
 +
To build rdmd you should run the following commands:
 
<syntaxhighlight lang=dos>
 
<syntaxhighlight lang=dos>
 
cd %DM_HOME%\dmd2\src\tools
 
cd %DM_HOME%\dmd2\src\tools
make -fwin32.mak rdmd.exe
+
make -fwin32.mak rdmd
copy *.exe %DM_HOME%\dmd2\windows\bin
+
</syntaxhighlight>
 +
 
 +
You should copy rdmd into your {{code|%DM_HOME%\windows\bin}} folder:
 +
<syntaxhighlight lang=dos>
 +
mkdir %DM_HOME%\dmd2\windows\lib
 +
copy generated\windows\32\*.exe %DM_HOME%\dmd2\windows\bin
 
</syntaxhighlight>
 
</syntaxhighlight>
 +
 +
=== Thirdparty libraries ===
  
 
The last step is getting the additional libs. curl for D2 can be found at the bottom of the download section of dlang.org: [[http://dlang.org/download.html download]].
 
The last step is getting the additional libs. curl for D2 can be found at the bottom of the download section of dlang.org: [[http://dlang.org/download.html download]].
  
Additional libs that are necessary can simply be copy pasted from the {{Latest DMD Version Raw}} package (without overwriting your {{code|phobos.lib}})
+
Additional libs that are necessary can simply be copy pasted from the {{Latest DMD Version Raw}} package (without overwriting your {{code|phobos.lib}}).
 +
 
 +
=== Verifying ===
  
 
The very last step is to verify that everything works by unittesting phobos:
 
The very last step is to verify that everything works by unittesting phobos:
 
 
<syntaxhighlight lang=dos>
 
<syntaxhighlight lang=dos>
 
cd %DM_HOME%\dmd2\src\phobos
 
cd %DM_HOME%\dmd2\src\phobos
Line 79: Line 220:
  
 
on each component before starting the process.
 
on each component before starting the process.
 +
 +
=== Using DigitalMars <code>make</code> for running the test suite ===
 +
 +
DMD's testsuite can't be run with DigitalMars <code>make</code> - use GNUMake.
 +
Refer to the instructions in [[DMD_development#Running_the_testsuite_on_Windows | Running the test suite on Windows]].
  
 
== Where to go from here ==
 
== Where to go from here ==
  
If you want to contribute to a D project, please continue with the [[Starting_as_a_Contributor| starting a a contributor]] guide.
+
If you want to contribute to a D project, please continue with the [[Starting_as_a_Contributor| starting as a contributor]] guide.
 
If you want to contribute to Phobos, you may also read the [[Contributing to Phobos|contributing to Phobos guide]].
 
If you want to contribute to Phobos, you may also read the [[Contributing to Phobos|contributing to Phobos guide]].
 +
 +
[[Category:Windows]]

Revision as of 15:40, 18 August 2021

Automation

Digger can checkout and build any D version automatically for you. Only a D compiler is required. Digger will download all required dependencies by itself.

dub fetch digger
dub run digger

Among many other features, Digger can build older compiler versions or versions with a specific pull request added:

# build a specific D version
$ dub run digger -- build v2.064.2

# build for x86-64
$ dub run digger -- build --model=64 v2.064.2

# build commit from a point in time
$ dub run digger -- build "@ 3 weeks ago"

# build specified branch from a point in time
$ dub run digger -- build "2.065 @ 3 weeks ago"

# build with an added pull request
$ dub run digger -- build "master + dmd#123"

Building with Visual Studio

Prerequisites

Instructions

  • Run the DMD Windows Installer and make sure that the binaries get added to the PATH (check "Add to Path")
  • Install VisualD (can be done via the DMD installer with the "Download VisualD" checkbox)
  • Make sure that dmd gets installed to C:\D\dmd2 (the default)

Clone repositories

Next step is to clone the 4 necessary source repos, dmd, druntime, phobos, and tools.

mkdir C:\Source\D
cd C:\Source\D
git clone https://github.com/dlang/dmd
git clone https://github.com/dlang/druntime
git clone https://github.com/dlang/phobos
git clone https://github.com/dlang/tools

Make sure to pick a folder without white spaces or special characters to avoid any potential problems.

Building DMD

You should be able to build DMD using the visual studio solution found in: dmd\src\vcbuild A typical choice is to build the 64-bit debug version (the VisualD options are named 'Release' and 'x64').

A 'dmd.exe' should have been built and placed in C:\Source\D\dmd\generated\Windows\Debug\x64.

If you want the 32-bit counterparts, you will have to adjust accordingly. Most notably, using win32.mak Makefiles instead of the win64.mak files.

Building DRuntime

Make sure that Visual Studio tools are part of your PATH. One common way is to run 'vcvarsall.bat'. With Visual Studio 2017 this call is:

call "C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\Enterprise\VC\Auxiliary\Build\vcvarsall.bat" x64

Now, go into druntime:

cd C:\source\D\druntime

Then compile with DigitalMars make (not to confuse with GNUMake). DigitalMars is part of the DMD Windows distribution and should be part of your PATH:

set VCDIR="C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\Enterprise\VC"
make -f win64.mak -j4 "VCDIR=%VCDIR%" target

For building on 32-bit with the Visual Studio Runtime, use {{{1}}}. If you have GNUMake installed on your system too, use the full path to DigitalMars make C:\D\dmd2\windows\bin\make.

Building Phobos

cd C:\source\D\phobos
make -f win64.mak -j4 target

Prerequisites

On Windows, you will need Git for Windows, D compiler, the DigitalMars C++ compiler, and, for 64-bit or 32-bit COFF builds, the Microsoft Windows SDK.

Assuming that make, dmc and dmd from digital mars are in your path and your sources are checked out into C:\D\dmd2\src which has the following structure:

C:\D\dmd2\src\dmd
C:\D\dmd2\src\druntime
C:\D\dmd2\src\phobos
C:\D\dmd2\src\tools

git Configuration

When cloning from the GitHub repositories you may encounter problems if your git configuration on Windows replaces line endings with the Windows variant (i.e. \r\n) instead of leaving it as \n, which is what D repositories require.

To check your settings, run git config core.autocrlf. If it prints true, set it to false with git config --global core.autocrlf false.

Building D

The following instructions work for win32. May or may not work with win64. This scheme is a suggestion. These instructions should work when building from a clean repository, however, this repository contains autogenerated code that may be left behind after switching branches so running a git clean after switching branches is a good idea:

git clean -xfd

Building DMD

To build DMD compiler you should run the following commands (win32.mak file expects that HOST_DC variable is set to dmd):

set DM_HOME=C:\D
cd %DM_HOME%\dmd2\src\dmd\src
set HOST_DC=dmd
make -fwin32.mak release

From there, it is suggested to move the built binaries into your %DM_HOME%\windows\bin directory, and add that to your path:

mkdir %DM_HOME%\dmd2\windows\bin
copy *.exe %DM_HOME%\dmd2\windows\bin
set path=%DM_HOME%\dmd2\windows\bin;%path%

From there, you have to create a sc.ini in your %DM_HOME%\dmd2\windows\bin directory (where dmd.exe is). It is suggested to just copy paste the one provided in the packaged 2.107.0, instead of writing your own, like:

copy "C:\Program Files\D\dmd2\windows\bin\sc.ini" %DM_HOME%\dmd2\windows\bin

Building D runtime

Make sure that you are using dmd compiled in previous step because older compiler might not compile the latest druntime code.

To build D runtime you should run the following commands:

cd %DM_HOME%\dmd2\src\druntime
make -fwin32.mak

Building Phobos

Make sure that you are using dmd compiled in previous step because older compiler might not compile the latest phobos code.

To build Phobos you should run the following commands:

cd %DM_HOME%\dmd2\src\phobos
make -fwin32.mak

You should copy phobos lib into your %DM_HOME%\windows\lib folder:

mkdir %DM_HOME%\dmd2\windows\lib
copy phobos.lib %DM_HOME%\dmd2\windows\lib

Building rdmd

Optionally, you can build rdmd from source if you have checked out tools in your sources. Some additional libs might be required for build and can simply be copy pasted from the 2.107.0 package without overwriting your phobos.lib.

To build rdmd you should run the following commands:

cd %DM_HOME%\dmd2\src\tools
make -fwin32.mak rdmd

You should copy rdmd into your %DM_HOME%\windows\bin folder:

mkdir %DM_HOME%\dmd2\windows\lib
copy generated\windows\32\*.exe %DM_HOME%\dmd2\windows\bin

Thirdparty libraries

The last step is getting the additional libs. curl for D2 can be found at the bottom of the download section of dlang.org: [download].

Additional libs that are necessary can simply be copy pasted from the 2.107.0 package (without overwriting your phobos.lib).

Verifying

The very last step is to verify that everything works by unittesting phobos:

cd %DM_HOME%\dmd2\src\phobos
make -fwin32.mak unittest

Common Windows issues

Missing MASM386

If when building druntime you get errors about missing MASM386, it's due to a required assembling of a file called minit.asm. However the druntime repository includes a prebuilt minit.obj file so you shouldn't need to assemble it again. As a workaround for the make error create an empty masm386.bat file and put it in a directory that's in your PATH.

It's also recommended that you use the cmd.exe terminal. Others, like PowerShell, are known to experience issues with legacy tools.

Intermediate files lead to several errors

The three main components (dmd, druntime, phobos) should always be built together with matching versions. The intermediate files generated by a previous build can lead to a failure so it's advisable to run

make -fwin32.mak clean

on each component before starting the process.

Using DigitalMars make for running the test suite

DMD's testsuite can't be run with DigitalMars make - use GNUMake. Refer to the instructions in Running the test suite on Windows.

Where to go from here

If you want to contribute to a D project, please continue with the starting as a contributor guide. If you want to contribute to Phobos, you may also read the contributing to Phobos guide.