Difference between revisions of "Building DMD"

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If you're looking for a stable version of D, you probably want to download the [http://dlang.org/download.html official releases]. This page is for those who want to try out D on platforms that aren't yet officially supported, those who are adventurous and wish to try out the latest development (unstable!) version of D, and developers who wish to contribute to D development.
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#REDIRECT [[Starting as a Contributor#Building from source]]
 
 
==Getting the sources==
 
 
 
===Official releases===
 
 
 
The official release of DMD is available from the [http://dlang.org/download.html official download page].
 
 
 
===Latest git===
 
 
 
This is for those who want to test or contribute to the development version of D. The latest source code for the D compiler, runtime library, and standard library are available on [https://github.com/D-Programming-Language GitHub]. To build a working D compiler toolchain, you will need to checkout at least dmd, druntime, and phobos.
 
 
 
==Source code structure==
 
 
 
The D source code assumes a particular directory structure, which you probably would want to adopt so that you don't have to fiddle with the Makefiles all the time.
 
 
 
===Posix===
 
 
 
For Posix, it is assumed that you will have a common root directory where the compiler and library sources will sit under. For example, you can choose the common root directory to be /usr/src/d, then you can checkout the sources under this directory:
 
 
 
<syntaxhighlight lang=bash>
 
mkdir /usr/src/d
 
cd /usr/src/d
 
git clone git://github.com/D-Programming-Language/dmd.git
 
git clone git://github.com/D-Programming-Language/druntime.git
 
git clone git://github.com/D-Programming-Language/phobos.git
 
</syntaxhighlight>
 
 
 
Optionally, if you want some related tools, you can also checkout tools.git:
 
 
 
<syntaxhighlight lang=bash>
 
git clone git://github.com/D-Programming-Language/tools.git
 
</syntaxhighlight>
 
 
 
 
 
'''Note:''' if you're planning to submit [[Pull Requests|pull requests]], you should replace the above URLs with the URLs for your ''fork'' of the official sources, not the official sources themselves.
 
 
 
You should end up with this directory structure:
 
 
 
<pre>
 
/usr/src/d/
 
/usr/src/d/dmd
 
/usr/src/d/druntime
 
/usr/src/d/phobos
 
(/usr/src/d/tools)
 
</pre>
 
 
 
===Windows===
 
 
 
For windows, you can follow the first posix steps regarding checking out files from github.
 
 
 
You can checkout the sources wherever you like. If we call {{code|%DM_HOME%}} the root path, the it is ''recommended'' to have this structure:
 
 
 
<pre>
 
%DM_HOME%\dmd2\src
 
%DM_HOME%\dmd2\src\dmd
 
%DM_HOME%\dmd2\src\druntime
 
%DM_HOME%\dmd2\src\phobos
 
</pre>
 
 
 
Additionally, you should extract the digital mars compiler inside {{code|%DM_HOME%}}, alongside {{code|dmd2}}. You should finally create a {{code|windows directory with a {{code|bin}} and {{code|lib}} directory inside it. Your final structure should look like this:
 
 
 
<pre>
 
%DM_HOME%\dm
 
%DM_HOME%\dmd2\src
 
%DM_HOME%\dmd2\src\dmd
 
%DM_HOME%\dmd2\src\druntime
 
%DM_HOME%\dmd2\src\phobos
 
%DM_HOME%\dmd2\windows
 
%DM_HOME%\dmd2\windows\bin
 
%DM_HOME%\dmd2\windows\lib
 
</pre>
 
 
 
==Building the sources==
 
 
 
===Posix===
 
 
 
Assuming your sources are checked out in {{code|/usr/src/d}}, you can do the following to build them:
 
 
 
<syntaxhighlight lang=bash>
 
cd /usr/src/d/dmd/src
 
make -f posix.mak
 
cd ../../druntime
 
make -f posix.mak DMD=../dmd/src/dmd
 
cd ../phobos
 
make -f posix.mak DMD=../dmd/src/dmd
 
</syntaxhighlight>
 
 
 
Note that the compiler, runtime library, and standard library have to be built in that order, as each depends on the previous one.  The addition of the build option  DMD=../dmd/src/dmd ensures that your newly-built dmd is being used to build druntime and phobos.
 
 
 
If you're using a 64-bit platform, you may want to append {{code|"MODEL=64"}} to your make commands, as the default makefiles will build for 32-bit:
 
 
 
<syntaxhighlight lang=bash>
 
cd /usr/src/d/dmd/src
 
make -f posix.mak MODEL=64 DMD=../dmd/src/dmd
 
cd ../../druntime
 
make -f posix.mak MODEL=64 DMD=../dmd/src/dmd
 
cd ../phobos
 
make -f posix.mak MODEL=64 DMD=../dmd/src/dmd
 
</syntaxhighlight>
 
 
 
Parallel make can drastically speed up compilation times. The {{code|-j<integer>}} option allows you to specify the number of job slots. Number_of_cores + 1 is a often a good choice E.g.:
 
 
 
<syntaxhighlight lang=bash>
 
make -f posix.mak -j5
 
</syntaxhighlight>
 
 
 
for a machine with 4 cores.
 
 
 
After building, you should have a working D compiler in {{code|/usr/src/d/dmd/src/dmd}}. You may need to edit {{code|dmd.conf}} so that the compiler can find druntime and phobos. You {{code|dmd.conf}} should contain:
 
 
 
<pre>
 
[Environment]
 
 
 
DFLAGS=-I/path/to/src/phobos -I/path/to/src/druntime/import -L-L/path/to/libs -L--no-warn-search-mismatch -L--export-dynamic
 
</pre>
 
 
 
Where the first two flags ({{code|-I}}) must be followed by the path to {{code|src/phobos}} et {{code|src/druntime/import}}. The {{code|-L-L}} flag must be followed by the path to {{code|libphobos.a}} (for example: {{code|-L-L/usr/local/lib/lib64}}).
 
 
 
You should probably also run the unittests to make sure your build is working correctly:
 
 
 
<syntaxhighlight lang=bash>
 
cd ../druntime
 
make -f posix.mak -j5 unittest
 
cd ../phobos
 
make -f posix.mak -j5 unittest
 
</syntaxhighlight>
 
 
 
(Running the unittests with {{code|-j}} is recommended if you have a multicore CPU, as some of them may take a while to run.)
 
 
 
===Windows===
 
The following instructions work for win32. May or may not work with win64. This scheme is a suggestion.
 
 
 
Assuming your sources are checked out {{code|C:\D}}, and that {{code|make}} from digital mars is in your path, you can do the following to build them:
 
 
 
<syntaxhighlight lang=dos>
 
set DM_HOME=C:\D
 
cd %DM_HOME%\dmd2\src\dmd\src
 
make -fwin32.mak -release
 
</syntaxhighlight>
 
 
 
From there, it is suggested to move the built binaries into your {{code|%DM_HOME%\windows\bin}} directory, and add that to your path:
 
<syntaxhighlight lang=dos>
 
copy *.exe %DM_HOME%\dmd2\windows\bin
 
set path=%path%;%DM_HOME%\dmd2\windows\bin
 
</syntaxhighlight>
 
 
 
From there, you have to create a {{code|sc.ini}} in your {{code|DMD.exe}} directory. It is suggested to just copy paste the one provided in the packaged {{Latest DMD Version}}, instead of writing your own.
 
 
 
Now build druntime:
 
<syntaxhighlight lang=dos>
 
cd %DM_HOME%\dmd2\src\druntime
 
make -fwin32.mak
 
</syntaxhighlight>
 
 
 
And phobos:
 
<syntaxhighlight lang=dos>
 
cd %DM_HOME%\dmd2\src\phobos
 
make -fwin32.mak
 
</syntaxhighlight>
 
 
 
You should copy the phobos lib into your {{code|windows\lib}} folder:
 
<syntaxhighlight lang=dos>
 
copy phobos.lib %DM_HOME%\dmd2\windows\lib
 
</syntaxhighlight>
 
 
 
Optionally, you can build rdmd from source if you have checked out {{code|tools}} in your sources:
 
<syntaxhighlight lang=dos>
 
cd %DM_HOME%\dmd2\src\tools
 
make -fwin32.mak rdmd.exe
 
copy *.exe %DM_HOME%\dmd2\windows\bin
 
</syntaxhighlight>
 
 
 
The last step is getting the additional libs. curl for D2 can be found at the bottom of the download section of dlang.org: [[http://dlang.org/download.html download]].
 
 
 
Additional libs that are necessary can simply be copy pasted from the {{Latest DMD Version}} package (without overwriting your {{code|phobos.lib}})
 
 
 
The very last step is to verify that everything works by unittesting phobos:
 
 
 
<syntaxhighlight lang=dos>
 
cd %DM_HOME%\dmd2\src\phobos
 
make -fwin32.mak unittest
 
</syntaxhighlight>
 
 
 
===Common Windows issues===
 
 
 
If when building druntime you get errors about missing MASM386, it's due to a required assembling of a file called '''minit.asm'''. However the druntime repository includes a prebuilt minit.obj file so you shouldn't need to assemble it again. As a workaround for the make error create an empty '''masm386.bat''' file and put it in a directory that's in your '''PATH'''.
 
 
 
 
 
==Additional Tools==
 
 
 
If you cloned {{code|D-Programming-Language/tools.git}}, you also have a {{code|tools}} folder where small helping programs live. There is no need to build them, you can just compile them using DMD:
 
 
 
<syntaxhighlight lang=dos>
 
dmd rdmd.d;
 
dmd ddemangle.d;
 
dmd dtab;
 
dmd tolf;
 
</syntaxhighlight>
 
 
 
{{code|rdmd}} builds your D modules automatically, from the one containing {{code|main}}. It'll deduce dependencies and compile/link them for you.
 
{{code|ddemangle}} will demangle its input, replacing all mangled D symbols with their unmangled form.
 
{{code|dtab}} transforms tabs into spaces in source code.
 
{{code|tolf}} replaces line endings with LF.
 
 
 
Using {{code|dtab}} and {{code|tolf}} is a good idea if you want to contribute to the D-Programming-Language repos.
 

Latest revision as of 12:50, 5 May 2019