User:Jpf/Release Process Staging
If you're an experienced git user, skip to the summary.
Contents
1 Release Schedule
<x> = time in weeks
vxxx = Tag for version xxx (Marks the release)
rest = branches
\ = merge (merges from version to staging/master not shown)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ master branch. development is never stopped
\ <8> \
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ staging branch
| | | |
v2.062-b1 | v2.063-b1 |
| |
| <8> ---------------- 2.063 release branch
| | <2> |
| v2.063 v2.063.1
|
-------------------------------------------------------- 2.062 release branch
| <2> | <2> |
v2.062 v2.062.1 v2.062.2
A new release is made approximately every 2 months. Releases are stabilized in the staging branch and beta releases are tagged as part of staging. When a release is ready a new version branch is created from staging. The first commit of this version branch is tagged as the release (v2.0xx). Immediately after creating the version branch master is merged into staging. Note: master is only ever merged into staging immediately after a major release. Then the staging branch is stabilizing again until the next release is made.
Once the initial release of the version branch is done, only regression fixes will be pushed to the version branch, then a regression fix update is published every 2 weeks from that version branch as long as it's supported (see 3.3).
Feature Previews: A feature branch may need it's own beta release before being merged into master. These are unplanned, announced on the NG, and highly volatile.
As an example we would see these releases for things like 64bit support and User Defined Attributes.
Support time for compilers
Currently only the most recent major release is supported. (This might change in the future)
As an example: version 2.061 is released. 2.061 will get updates until 2.062 is released. Then 2.062 will get updates until 2.063 is released etc.
Only supported releases receive minor update releases.
2 Branching model
Official branches
The following branches will be available on the official (upstream) dmd, druntime and phobos repositories:
- feature branches: New features, in general, are not developed directly on the master branch, but in a dedicated feature branch. An example for such a branch would be an UDA branch for user defined attributes. Contributors can collaborate on the feature by opening pull request targeting that feature branch. When the feature's implementation is more-or-less complete, the feature branch will be merged into the master branch.
- master: The feature branches are merged into this branch if they are considered complete. So the master branch will contain new features and may have breaking changes. Regression fixes and bug fixes will be merged from staging into master.
--------------------------------------------------------\ feature64BitWindows
\
-------------------\ featureUDA \
\ \
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ master branch. development is never stopped
\ / <8> \
\ / \
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ staging branch
/
fix123
- staging: Bug fixes will be pushed directly into staging if they are not regression fixes. To determine where a regression fix should go, see 3.1.5. staging usually only gets bugfix updates, but after every major release, new features are merged from master. Regression fixes will be merged from version branches into staging.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ master branch. development is never stopped
\ <8> \
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ staging branch
/ / / / /
fix123 fix234 fix987 / fix999
/
------------------------------------------------------ 2.0.62 version branch
/
regression1
- version branches: Once we determine it's time to do a new release, a version branch is made by branching from the staging branch. A version branch will not receive any new features, only regression fixes. To determine to which version branch regression fixes should go, see 3.1.5. Version branches are used to support the version for an extended period of time to enable updated minor releases which fix regressions.
Suggested local branches
How user repositories are managed is up to the end user, but we propose this branches:
- feature branches: Tracking upstream feature branches. You only need a feature branch if you want to work on that feature. To work on a feature, make changes to the feature branch, push to your repository and file a pull request on github targeting the feature branch
- master: Tracking the upstream master branch. New feature branches should be branched from this branch.
- version branches: Tracking the upstream version branches. If you want to push a regression fix to an older release. (See 3.1.5)
- bugfix branches: based on staging. Used to develop bugfixes (see 3.1.4)
3 Git workflow
3.1 Working on code updates
3.1.1 What type of update?
To determine to which branch an update should be made, we have to consider the type of the change:
- It's a new, big feature: This will need to get a feature branch. See 3.1.2
- It's a small enhancement: This will go to master. See 3.1.3
- It's a bug fix: This will go straight to staging. See 3.1.4
- It's a regression fix: This will need to go to the oldest supported version branch which is affected by the regression. See 3.1.5
3.1.2 New feature / Big enhancement
We need to create a new branch based on master. As a normal user you can't create feature branches on the official repository though.
Step-By-Step: The one implementing the feature has to do this:
#We use your own fork repository, not the official one!!!!
git clone git://github.com/yourname/dmd.git
git checkout master #This is the branch we base feature
git branch coolFeature
#Make your changes
git commit -m "Implement cool feature"
#Push to your fork on github
git push origin coolFeature
#Now request in the digitalmars.D newsgroup that someone creates a coolFeature feature branch on the official repository.
#Now go to github and file a pull request for coolFeature. The pull request must target the new official feature branch (here also called coolFeature)!
If someone requests a new feature branch the dmd staff has to do this:
#This time we need access to the official repository. We clone our user fork and add a remote
git clone git://github.com/yourname/dmd.git
git remote add upstream git://github.com/D-Programming-Language/dmd.git
git checkout master #This is the branch we base features on
git pull upstream master #Fetch changes from upstream
git branch coolFeature #Use a useful name
git push upstream coolFeature
3.1.3 small enhancement
We merge directly into master.
Step-By-Step: The one implementing the feature has to do this:
#We use your own fork repository, not the official one!!!!
git clone git://github.com/yourname/dmd.git
git checkout master #This is the branch we base feature
git branch coolFeature
#Make your changes
git commit -m "Implement cool feature"
#Push to your fork on github
git push origin coolFeature
#Now go to github and file a pull request for coolFeature. The pull request must target the master branch!
3.1.4 Bug fix (not a regression!)
We need to create a local branch based on staging. Then file a pull request on github targeting staging.
Step-By-Step:
#We use your own fork repository, not the official one!!!!
git clone git://github.com/yourname/dmd.git
git checkout staging #This is the branch we base bugfix on
git branch bugFixNNN
#Make your changes
git commit -m "Implement bugfix #NNN"
#Push to your fork on github
git push origin bugFixNNN
#Now go to github and file a pull request for bugFixNNN. The pull request must target the staging branch!
3.1.5 Regression fix
The regression fix must be pushed to the oldest, still supported version branch affected by the regression. To determine if a version is still supported, see 1.1.
As an example (this doesn't match with 1.1 as we need a more complicated setup to describe the concept): 2.063 is the most recent release and supported. 2.062 is the previous release and supported. 2.061 is no longer supported. An regression is found that affects 2.061, 2.062, 2.063, staging and master.
2.061 is no longer supported, so the oldest supported and affected release is 2.062. Therefore the regression fix has to be made on the 2.062 release branch.
Note: Regression fixes are always based on an version branch, never on staging / master!
Step-By-Step: The one fixing the regression has to do this:
#We use your own fork repository, not the official one!!!!
git clone git://github.com/yourname/dmd.git
git checkout 2.062 #This is the branch we base our fix on
git branch fixRegressionNNN
#Edit and fix the regression
git commit -m "Fix regression #nnn"
#Push to your fork on github
git push origin fixRegressionNNN
#Now go to github and file a pull request for fixRegressionNNN. The pull request must target our base branch, e.g. 2.062!
The dmd staff now has to merge that pull request. The regression fix will be applied to the 2.062 branch. The dmd staff now also has to make sure this fix is also applied to all newer release branches (2.063 in our example) and to staging and master.
#This time we need access to the official repository. We clone our user fork and add a remote
git clone git://github.com/yourname/dmd.git
git remote add upstream git://github.com/D-Programming-Language/dmd.git
git checkout 2.062 #This is the branch the fix was based on
git pull upstream 2.062 #Fetch changes from upstream
#Repeat for all newer release branches
git checkout 2.063
git pull upstream 2.063 #Fetch remote changes from upstream first
git merge 2.062 #Now merge 2.062 branch into newer branch
git push upstream 2.063 #Now publish those changes
#We have to repeat that for staging
git checkout staging
git pull upstream staging #Fetch remote changes from upstream first
git merge 2.062 #Now merge 2.062 branch into staging branch
git push upstream staging #Now publish those changes
#We have to repeat that for master
git checkout master
git pull upstream master #Fetch remote changes from upstream first
git merge staging #Now merge staging branch into master branch
git push upstream master #Now publish those changes
3.2 Preparing a new major release
As described in 1 every 2 months a new major release will be made based on staging.
To start the release process (This is always done after a major release has been made) merge master into staging:
#This time we need access to the official repository. We clone our user fork and add a remote
git clone git://github.com/yourname/dmd.git
git remote add upstream git://github.com/D-Programming-Language/dmd.git
git checkout master
git pull upstream master
git checkout staging
git pull upstream staging
git merge master
git push upstream staging
Once a beta release is made, the dmd staff adds a tag on staging!
#This time we need access to the official repository. We clone our user fork and add a remote
git clone git://github.com/yourname/dmd.git
git remote add upstream git://github.com/D-Programming-Language/dmd.git
git checkout staging
git pull upstream staging
git tag v2.063-b1 #b1=>first beta
git push upstream v2.063-b1
For the final release, a new version branch is created:
#This time we need access to the official repository. We clone our user fork and add a remote
git clone git://github.com/yourname/dmd.git
git remote add upstream git://github.com/D-Programming-Language/dmd.git
git checkout staging
git pull upstream staging
git branch 2.063 #replace 2.063 with the new release number
git push upstream 2.063
#And make a tag
git tag v2.063
git push upstream v2.063
3.3 Preparing a new minor release
As described in 1 every 2 weeks a new minor release will be prepared for all supported releases.
To put further regression fixes into this release version follow the descriptions in 3.1.5
Once the release is made, the dmd staff adds a tag!
#This time we need access to the official repository. We clone our user fork and add a remote
git clone git://github.com/yourname/dmd.git
git remote add upstream git://github.com/D-Programming-Language/dmd.git
git checkout 2.063 #checkout the base branch where a new release is made
git pull upstream 2.063
git tag v2.063.1 #.1=>first minor update
git push upstream v2.063.1
4 Short Summary
Contributors
- Regression fixes go into version branches
- Bug fixes go into the staging branch
- Big new features are developed in feature branches and merged into master
- Small enhancements can go directly into master
DMD staff
- Merge regression fixes into version branch asap.
- Merge regressions fixes from version to other version and to staging branch immediately.
- Merge staging branch into master regularly
- Merge bug fixes into staging regularly.
- Merge feature branches into master on demand.
- Merge master into staging after every release
5 Rationale
staging
This setup has the advantage that staging stabilizes over a long time. staging get's a feature updates only after every major release is made. After that staging only recieves bug fixes. It also has the advance that bug fixes also have a clear target branch: With staging we can always target staging. Without staging we'd have to target the version branch of the currently stabilizing version branch. But that branch changes over time, so we'd have to update github pull requests, etc.
6 Possible optimization
- If it turns out that staging does not get reasonably stable to create the release immediately from staging we could introduce a time span (e.g 3 weeks) between branching the new version branch and releasing the version / setting the tag. In this timespan only regression fixes would be merged into the version branch. After that time span the release will be tagged on the version branch
- additional betas can be released from the version branch during that time span
<x> = time in weeks
vxxx = Tag for version xxx (Marks the release)
rest = branches
\ = merge (merges from version to staging/master not shown)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- master branch. development is never stopped
\ <8> \
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- staging branch
| | | |
v2.062-b1 | v2.063-b1 |
| | <3> .
| <8> -------------------------- 2.063 release branch
| | | <2> |
| rc1 v2.063 v2.063.1
| <3> .
------------------------------------------------------------------ 2.062 release branch
| | <2> | <2> |
v2.062-rc1 v2.062 v2.062.1 v2.062.2
