Difference between revisions of "Building under Posix"
(→Building dmd for Windows on Linux) |
(→Building dmd for Windows on Linux: -remove hard-coded DMD at druntime and phobos (not necessary anymore), use WINEPATH instead of editing the registry, install DMC via the Windows installer) |
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1. Install Wine following the instructions found [https://wiki.winehq.org/Ubuntu here]. | 1. Install Wine following the instructions found [https://wiki.winehq.org/Ubuntu here]. | ||
| − | 2. Download [http://dlang.org/download.html the Windows dmd installer] | + | 2. Download [http://dlang.org/download.html the Windows dmd installer] |
3. Install dmd for Windows using Wine | 3. Install dmd for Windows using Wine | ||
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wine /path/to/dmd/installer.exe | wine /path/to/dmd/installer.exe | ||
| − | This command will start the dmd Windows installation as if you were on Windows. Wine creates a typical Windows directory structure located in ~/.wine/drive_c where drive_c is the directory which corresponds to C:\ on Windows. The default installation directory is C:\D, the rest of this document assumes that. | + | This command will start the dmd Windows installation as if you were on Windows. Wine creates a typical Windows directory structure located in ~/.wine/drive_c where drive_c is the directory which corresponds to C:\ on Windows. The default installation directory is C:\D, the rest of this document assumes that. Add the optional "DMC" package during the installation. |
| − | 4 | + | 4. Now that the Windows compiler is installed, all we need to do is to properly set the environment variables needed by win32.mak. Wine forwards all the existing environment variables, except a few special ones : <b>PATH</b>, <b>TEMP</b>, <b>SYSTEM</b>. However, <b>WINEPATH</b> can be used instead of <b>PATH</b>. Assuming that D is installed in C:\, you need to set the following environment variables: |
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<syntaxhighlight lang=bash> | <syntaxhighlight lang=bash> | ||
export DM_HOME=C:/D | export DM_HOME=C:/D | ||
export HOST_DC=dmd | export HOST_DC=dmd | ||
| + | export WINEPATH="C:\DMC\dm\bin\;C:\D\dmd2\windows\bin" | ||
</syntaxhighlight> | </syntaxhighlight> | ||
| − | + | <syntaxhighlight lang=bash> | |
| + | "C:\dm\bin\;C:\D\dmd2\windows\bin" | ||
| + | </syntaxhighlight> | ||
| − | + | 5. At this point we should be good to go: | |
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<syntaxhighlight lang=bash> | <syntaxhighlight lang=bash> | ||
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The command above builds the executable <tt>/path/to/dmd/generated/windows/release/32/dmd.exe</tt>. | The command above builds the executable <tt>/path/to/dmd/generated/windows/release/32/dmd.exe</tt>. | ||
| − | + | 6. To build druntime with the newly generated compiler, run: | |
<syntaxhighlight lang=bash> | <syntaxhighlight lang=bash> | ||
cd /path/to/druntime | cd /path/to/druntime | ||
| − | wine make | + | wine make -fwin32.mak |
</syntaxhighlight> | </syntaxhighlight> | ||
| − | + | 7. Finally, to build phobos again using the newly generated compiler, run: | |
<syntaxhighlight lang=bash> | <syntaxhighlight lang=bash> | ||
cd /path/to/phobos | cd /path/to/phobos | ||
| − | wine make | + | wine make -fwin32.mak |
</syntaxhighlight> | </syntaxhighlight> | ||
Revision as of 05:51, 9 December 2017
Contents
Prerequisites
To build D on POSIX, you will need to have make, g++, libcurl4-openssl-dev, and git installed on your system, as well as a working GitHub account. To install the appropriate dependencies on e.g. Ubuntu:
sudo apt-get install curl git make g++ libcurl4-openssl-dev
On OS X with Homebrew:
$ xcode-select --install $ brew install git openssl
To build the 32-bit phobos on a 64-bit machine, some 32-bit packages are also needed:
sudo apt-get install gcc-multilib libc6-dev-i386 linux-libc-dev:i386 libcurl4-gnutls-dev:i386
Other versions and variations of libcurl may work as well.
Building D
Fetch repositories from GitHub
Let's start by getting the current development (master) branch of the D repositories from GitHub. Assume the root directory for everything D-related is ~/dlang (replace appropriately). This is easily done by running at a command prompt:
cd ~/dlang
git clone https://github.com/dlang/dmd
git clone https://github.com/dlang/druntime
git clone https://github.com/dlang/phobos
git clone https://github.com/dlang/tools
After this step completes successfully, the ~/dlang should be up and filled with good stuff.
Bootstrap dmd
This step is interesting because in order to build dmd, dmd is necessary. Fortunately, the steps of downloading and using a preexisting dmd compiler are automated (only for platforms for which there are official builds: Windows, macOS, linux, and FreeBSD). All you need to do is run this command:
cd ~/dlang/dmd
make -f posix.mak -j8 AUTO_BOOTSTRAP=1
That's going to take a while. The build produces the compiler binary situated in an OS-dependent directory such as ~/dlang/dmd/generated/linux/release/64/dmd.
To make dmd builds faster in the future, you need to obviate the need for bootstrapping. Install dmd from the download page or simply put the freshly built dmd binary in a place accessible through $PATH (a popular choice is ~/bin).
Build phobos
Most D programs use D's standard library phobos. To build it, run:
cd ~/dlang/phobos
make -f posix.mak -j8
The build produces (with similar anticlimacticity) static and shared libraries such as ~/dlang/phobos/generated/linux/release/64/libphobos2.a and ~/code/phobos/generated/linux/release/64/libphobos2.so.
As part of the build druntime will be built automatically, e.g. the generated druntime interfaces can be found at ~/dlang/druntime/import. The generated druntime libraries like ~/dlang/druntime/generated/linux/release/64/libdruntime.a get bundled with built phobos libraries.
Building dmd for Windows on Linux
Most Linux developers do not have a Windows machine to test their changes on both platforms, fortunately there is a tool called Wine (Windows Emulator) which enables running Windows specific binaries on Linux. In order to be able to build and run the Windows dmd version on Linux, you must go through the following steps: (it is assumed that all the above steps have been completed)
1. Install Wine following the instructions found here.
2. Download the Windows dmd installer
3. Install dmd for Windows using Wine
wine /path/to/dmd/installer.exe
This command will start the dmd Windows installation as if you were on Windows. Wine creates a typical Windows directory structure located in ~/.wine/drive_c where drive_c is the directory which corresponds to C:\ on Windows. The default installation directory is C:\D, the rest of this document assumes that. Add the optional "DMC" package during the installation.
4. Now that the Windows compiler is installed, all we need to do is to properly set the environment variables needed by win32.mak. Wine forwards all the existing environment variables, except a few special ones : PATH, TEMP, SYSTEM. However, WINEPATH can be used instead of PATH. Assuming that D is installed in C:\, you need to set the following environment variables:
export DM_HOME=C:/D
export HOST_DC=dmd
export WINEPATH="C:\DMC\dm\bin\;C:\D\dmd2\windows\bin"
"C:\dm\bin\;C:\D\dmd2\windows\bin"
5. At this point we should be good to go:
cd /path/to/dmd
wine make -fwin32.mak
The command above builds the executable /path/to/dmd/generated/windows/release/32/dmd.exe.
6. To build druntime with the newly generated compiler, run:
cd /path/to/druntime
wine make -fwin32.mak
7. Finally, to build phobos again using the newly generated compiler, run:
cd /path/to/phobos
wine make -fwin32.mak
NOTE : building the latest development version of the compiler in linux, under wine, requires that the latest windows release version of the compiler is installed via wine.
Where to go from here
If you want to contribute to a D project, please continue with the starting as a contributor guide. If you want to contribute to Phobos, you may also read the contributing to Phobos guide.
