Building and hacking LDC on Windows using MSVC

LDC on Windows is work in progress. This page documents how to compile LDC2 on Windows x64. It also provides hints on druntime and phobos.

Building LDC

Required software

• Windows x64, of course!
• Visual Studio (e.g. VS Community 2015)
• git 1.8+ (I use PortableGit)
• Python 2.7.x or Python 3.3.x (I use Portable Python)
• CMake 2.8+
• Ninja, a neat little and fast build system
• Curl library (just use a precompiled one)
  • Put curl.lib in a LIB/LIBPATH directory (e.g., C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0\VC\lib\amd64)...
  • ... and curl.dll in a PATH directory (e.g., C:\LDC\LDC-x64\bin).

Shell script

I use a little batch file to set up my LDC build environment. It's located in the root of my LDC environment: C:\LDC\shell.cmd. It sets up the PATH environment variable (I've installed the portable tools into C:\LDC\Tools) and then spawns a new VS 2015 x64 Native Tools Command Prompt with a below-normal process priority, so that my system stays responsive while building. I use a shortcut on my desktop to this batch file. Please adjust it to your needs (and note that %~dp0 is the directory containing the script, i.e., C:\LDC\).

@echo off
set PATH=%~dp0LDC-x64\bin;%~dp0LLVM-x64\bin;%~dp0Tools\Ninja 1.6.0;%~dp0Tools\make-3.81\bin;%~dp0Tools\PortableGit-1.8.1.2-preview20130201\bin;%~dp0Tools\cmake-3.3.0-win32-x86\bin;%~dp0Tools\Portable Python 2.7.5.1\App;%PATH%
if not exist "%TERM%" set TERM=msys
start /belownormal %comspec% /k "C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0\VC\vcvarsall.bat" amd64

Environment check

Open a shell by executing the batch file.

• Running cl should display the banner from the MS compiler.
• Running git --version should display the banner from git.
• Running python --version should display the banner from python.
• Running cmake --version should display the banner from cmake.
• Running ninja --version should display the ninja version.

Build LLVM

To build LLVM from the command line, just execute the following steps (from C:\LDC):

• Get the source: git clone http://llvm.org/git/llvm.git llvm
• Create a build directory: md build-llvm-x64
• Change into it: cd build-llvm-x64

• Use a command like this (in one line) to create the Ninja build files:

  cmake -G Ninja -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX="C:\LDC\LLVM-x64" -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE="RelWithDebInfo"
        -DPYTHON_EXECUTABLE="C:\LDC\Tools\Portable Python 2.7.5.1\App\python.exe"
        -DLLVM_TARGETS_TO_BUILD="X86" -DLLVM_INCLUDE_TESTS=OFF -DLLVM_INCLUDE_EXAMPLES=OFF -DLLVM_ENABLE_ASSERTIONS=ON -DLLVM_APPEND_VC_REV=ON ..\llvm

• Build LLVM: ninja
• Install it: ninja install

The LLVM page on CMake documents other variables you can change. The most common is to add more targets. E.g. to build a target for ARM you change the targets to build to -DLLVM_TARGETS_TO_BUILD="X86;ARM".

Build libconfig

Simple build instructions for libconfig are missing. You can do the following:

• cd C:\LDC
• git clone https://github.com/hyperrealm/libconfig.git libconfig
• Open the libconfig.sln solution with Visual Studio
• Create a solution configuration for 'x64 Debug'
• Change the configuration type of project libconfig to 'Static library'.
• Build the project libconfig

Alternatively you can use a custom CMakeLists.txt:

• cd C:\LDC
• git clone https://github.com/hyperrealm/libconfig.git libconfig
• Download CMakeLists.txt from this gist to C:\LDC\libconfig.
• Create a build directory: md build-libconfig-x64
• cd build-libconfig-x64
• cmake ..\libconfig
• Build the library: msbuild ALL_BUILD.vcxproj

Build LDC

• cd C:\LDC
• git clone --recursive git://github.com/ldc-developers/ldc.git ldc
• md build-ldc-x64
• cd build-ldc-x64

• Use a command like this (in one line):

  cmake -G "Visual Studio 14 Win64" -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX="C:\LDC\LDC-x64" -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE="RelWithDebInfo"
        -DLLVM_ROOT_DIR="C:/LDC/LLVM-x64" -DLIBCONFIG_INCLUDE_DIR="C:/LDC/libconfig/lib"
        -DLIBCONFIG_LIBRARY="C:/LDC/libconfig/x64/Debug/libconfig.lib" ..\ldc

  This assumes that you have a static compiled version of libconfig.lib. If you use the DLL version then you need to add -DLIBCONFIG_DLL=ON.

• Build LDC and the runtimes: ninja
• If you want to install it: ninja install

Running the runtime unit tests

• cd C:\LDC\build-ldc-x64
• Build the unit tests: ninja druntime-ldc-unittest druntime-ldc-unittest-debug phobos2-ldc-unittest phobos2-ldc-unittest-debug
• Run the tests, excluding the dmd-testsuite ones: ctest -E dmd-testsuite

For troubleshooting be sure to examine the file C:\LDC\build-ldc-x64\Testing\Temporary\LastTest.log.

Running the dmd-testsuite tests

dmd-testsuite requires a minimalistic GNU environment. bash, grep etc. are shipped with git. Additionally, we need GNU make and reasonably recent GNU diffutils:

• Download GNU make for Windows: binary + dependencies
• Download GNU diffutils for Windows: binaries (same dependencies as make)
• Extract all 3 ZIP archives into a common root folder, e.g., C:\LDC\Tools\make
• Edit your shell batch script and add the bin subdirectory to your PATH, e.g., set PATH=%~dp0Tools\make\bin;%PATH%
  • Make sure that directory preceeds the git bin directory in the PATH environment variable, so that the newer diff.exe from C:\LDC\Tools\make\bin is preferred.
• Spawn a new shell and make sure make --version prints its banner.

Now that we have extended our LDC build environment, we're able to run the dmd-testsuite tests. I prefer to run them manually, outside of ctest.

• cd C:\LDC\ldc\tests\d2\dmd-testsuite
• If you want to reset the results, delete the folder: rmdir /S C:\LDC\build-ldc-x64\dmd-testsuite(-debug)
• Get the command line from C:\LDC\build-ldc-x64\tests\d2\CTestTestfile.cmake (e.g., "make" "-k" "-C" "C:/LDC/ldc/tests/d2/dmd-testsuite" "RESULTS_DIR=C:/LDC/build-ldc-x64/dmd-testsuite-debug" ... "quick")
  • You may want to redirect stdout and stderr to a log file by appending something like  > C:\LDC\build-ldc-x64\dmd-testsuite.log 2>&1
• Start the tests.
• Run the tests a second time without resetting the results to get a list of the failures and disabled tests.

Developing/debugging with Visual Studio

• cd C:\LDC
• md vs-ldc-x64
• cd vs-ldc-x64
• Use the cmake command from the Build LDC section, but use the VS generator instead of Ninja this time: cmake -G "Visual Studio 14 Win64" ...
• This creates the VS solution C:\LDC\vs-ldc-x64\ldc.sln.

A Visual Studio solution for LLVM can be created the same way.

Known bugs/limitations

• Structured Exception Handling is only available for LLVM 3.7 head. Support in ldc.eh2 has still alpha quality and is known to crash your application under certain circumstances. LLVM is getting native support for MSVCRT exceptions, so we'll have to wait for that.
• At the time of this writing, LDC master is based on D 2.066, and branch merge-2.067 provides important fixes for MSVC.
  • Even more cutting edge, right now anyway, is my win64 branch, providing further important fixes (not just for LDC, but all submodules too).
• You'll most likely notice issue 988. :P
• You'll probably also encounter issues like #930.
• Visual Studio 2015 is greatly encouraged due to improved C99 support; see PR29.

Example

The simple D program hello.d

import std.stdio;

int main()
{
    writefln("Hello LDC2");
    return 0;
}

can be compiled and linked with the commands:

ldc2 -c hello.d
link hello2.obj phobos-ldc.lib shell32.lib

or simply with: ldc2 hello.d

The resulting hello.exe produces the expected output.

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Windows MSVC