Building LDC runtime libraries

Starting with version 1.4, LDC ships with a small build tool to allow you to recompile the D runtime and standard library (and optionally the accompanying testrunners) the way you want, ldc-build-runtime.

Use cases

• Link-Time Optimization (LTO) for the runtime libraries by recompiling with -flto, which produces smaller binaries and may show significant performance gains
• Adding sanitizer checks via -fsanitize
• Cross-compilation for other platforms, as the D runtime and standard library must be generated for your target platform before you can cross-compile and link D executables and shared libraries

Prerequisites

• CMake
• Either Make, the default, or Ninja (recommended, enable with --ninja)
• C toolchain (compiler, linker and libraries): gcc, clang, Microsoft Visual C++, …

How it works

If run without special command-line options, ldc-build-runtime automates:

• Creating a build directory
• Downloading & extracting the LDC source archive matching the LDC version
• Invoking CMake to generate the Make or Ninja build script for the runtime libraries
• Calling Make or Ninja to build the runtime libraries

The runtime libraries end up in the lib subdirectory of the build directory, i.e. ./ldc-build-runtime.tmp/lib by default. You can replace your existing LDC runtime libraries or link against the new libraries by specifying their directory in the LDC command line: ldc2 … -L-L/path/to/ldc-build-runtime.tmp/lib.

Basic usage

The primary aim is to allow specifying additional compiler/linker command-line options and customizing CMake variables.
Run ldc-build-runtime -h for the full list of command-line options.

ldc-build-runtime [--ninja] [-j4] [--testrunners] [--dFlags=…] [--cFlags=…] [--linkerFlags=…] [CMAKE_VAR1=value1] [CMAKE_VAR2=value2 …]

For example, to prepare for link-time optimization between your user code and the static runtime libraries, you can recompile the runtime libraries with:

ldc-build-runtime --ninja --dFlags="-flto=thin" BUILD_SHARED_LIBS=OFF

Solution for common problems

Cannot check C compiler(CMakeTestCCompiler): Add CMAKE_C_COMPILER_WORKS=1 and it will skip the C compiler check.

Usage for cross-compilation

CC=cross-gcc ldc-build-runtime [--ninja] [-j4] [--testrunners] --dFlags="-mtriple=…;…" [--cFlags=…] [--linkerFlags=…] --targetSystem=… …

For example, to cross-compile from linux/x64 with glibc to an Alpine linux/x64 container just requires specifying a C cross-compiler and a different cross-compilation triple (install the clang and musl packages in Arch linux to try this out):

CC=musl-clang ldc-build-runtime --dFlags="-mtriple=x86_64-alpine-linux-musl"

From Linux/x86_64 to Linux/ARM:

CC=arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc ldc-build-runtime --ninja --dFlags="-mtriple=arm-linux-gnueabihf"

or to Linux/AArch64, ie 64-bit ARM (here using the aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc package in Arch linux):

CC=aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc ldc-build-runtime --ninja --dFlags="-mtriple=aarch64-none-linux-gnu"

or to Linux/MIPS32:

CC=mipsel-linux-gcc ldc-build-runtime --ninja --dFlags="-mtriple=mipsel-linux;-mcpu=mips32" --cFlags="-march=mips32"

From Windows to Linux/ARM, e.g., by using an official Raspberry PI toolchain:

set CC=arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc
ldc-build-runtime --ninja --dFlags=-mtriple=arm-linux-gnueabihf --targetSystem=Linux;UNIX CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME=Linux CMAKE_C_COMPILER_WORKS=True BUILD_SHARED_LIBS=OFF

From Linux, Mac or Windows to Android/AArch64, assuming the Android NDK r26d has been unzipped into /home/me:

ldc-build-runtime --ninja \
                  --dFlags="-mtriple=aarch64-linux-android30" \
                  --targetSystem="Android;Linux;UNIX" \
                  CMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE="/home/me/android-ndk-r26d/build/cmake/android.toolchain.cmake" \
                  ANDROID_USE_LEGACY_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=OFF \
                  ANDROID_ABI=arm64-v8a \
                  ANDROID_NATIVE_API_LEVEL=30

Check out the official Android NDK CMake guide for possible values of the ANDROID_* variables, e.g., to target other architectures (and make sure to adapt the -mtriple flag in that case). For full instructions on Android cross-compilation, see the Android page. It also shows examples of using ldc with the newly generated runtime libraries to compile your own code.

From macOS/x64 to macOS/arm64:

ldc-build-runtime --ninja \
                  --dFlags="-mtriple=arm64-apple-macos11.0" \
                  CMAKE_OSX_ARCHITECTURES=arm64 \
                  CMAKE_OSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET=11.0

or to iOS/arm64:

ldc-build-runtime --ninja \
                  --dFlags="-mtriple=arm64-apple-ios12.0" \
                  CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME=iOS \
                  CMAKE_OSX_ARCHITECTURES=arm64 \
                  CMAKE_OSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET=12.0